歐緹小姐 Ms.OT

心血管疾病是造成老年人失能甚至死亡的主因，而冬季由於溫差變化大，更是發病的高峰期。

但若能夠做到下列幾點可以降低疾病的發生率。

1.注意保暖

   冬天需特別注意保暖，避免血管因寒冷而收縮，造成血壓升高。
2.健康飲食

    均衡且清淡的飲食有助於控制血壓、血糖及血脂，相反的喝過多的酒或攝取過多油脂，容易造成三高(高血壓、高血糖、高血脂)，也就容易發生心血管疾病。
3.多運動

    運動可促進血液循環及新陳代謝，改善整體狀態，但盡量避免等長性收縮的運動(ex.舉重)，若需要進行肌力訓練，則必需保持呼吸，因為過度憋氣容易造成血壓升高。
4.心情好

    保持愉悅的心情也相當重要，當情緒過於激動(ex.大發雷霆)時容易使血壓升高，增加罹患中風、心肌梗塞等心血管疾病的機會。
5.按時吃藥

    若有高血壓、糖尿病等慢性疾病的患者，需按時吃藥，控制好自己的身體狀況。

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of function loss and death among elderly, especially when the temperature changes extremely.

However, watch out the following tips may decrease the disease prevalence rate.

1. Stay warm- to prevent vessel constriction causing hypertension due to cold weather, exceptionally in bitter winter.

2. Balanced and healthy diet- In addition, reduced alcohol and fat consumption may help control hypertension, DM and hyperlipidemia.

3. Regular exercise- Exercise can enhance blood circulation and metabolism, but try to avoid isometric exercise (e.g. weightlifting). Do breathing if do strengthening exercise as holding breath will increase blood pressure.

4. Keep in good mood- Being too emotional (furious) may also raise blood pressure which increases the risk of having stroke, heart attack and other cardiovascular disease.

5. Take medicine on time- Patients with hypertension, DM and other chronic disease need to take their medicine on time and manage their own health condition.